On-farm pond or percolation pit
Digging a pond on the lowest site on his/her field, a farmer gets access to groundwater as well as the runoff water that is captured. Ponds in the pathway of water runoff intercept the downflow of water and sediments, and thereby reduce erosion. The water that is not used for irrigation purposes, can infiltrate in the soil to retain the aquifer.
Bigger ponds could be built with an inlet to collect and dispose excess runoff. To stabilize the pond, one could plant local grass species in it. To keep the pond operational, it must be desilted on a regular basis. Main benefit of this measure is that it is localized and it does not have to consume much land.
